SIAR Congress, CAR 2026

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Benchmarking Skyhook and Hybrid Control in Regenerative Suspensions
Dana Luca Motoc

Last modified: 2026-05-11

Abstract


The contribution aims to present a MATLAB/Simulink-based framework for the comparative assessment of control strategies applied to energy-regenerative automotive suspensions. The study is motivated by the limited availability of unified benchmarks in which classical ride-control laws and energy-aware control approaches are evaluated on the same regenerative suspension model under identical conditions. A 2-DOF quarter-car model is adopted as the reference platform, as it provides the minimum dynamic complexity required to capture the coupled effects of ride comfort, suspension working space, road holding, and energy recovery. The proposed framework includes the implementation and comparison of passive suspension response, skyhook control, groundhook control, hybrid skyhook-groundhook control, and an optimal energy-aware controller. All strategies are tested using the same road excitations, actuator constraints, and simplified electromechanical regeneration assumptions to ensure a consistent and transparent evaluation basis. Performance is quantified through a compact set of indicators comprising sprung-mass acceleration, suspension deflection, dynamic tire load, regenerated power, harvested energy, and net energetic benefit. The results are expected to clarify the trade-offs between vibration attenuation and energy harvesting, and to support the development of regenerative suspension control strategies for future automotive applications.